Art of manufacturing tools



Sept. 7 1926.

H. J. COOK ART OF MANUFACTURING TOOLS Filed Nov. 12 1924 Ticzl lll mw 1,598,603 rea caries.

HARRIS J. COOK, or new BRITAIN, (CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR 1 THE STANLEY WORKS,

0'']? NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION .013 CQiNNECTICUT.

Patented Sept. 7, 1926.

UNITED P ART OF MANUFACTURING TOOLS.

Application filed November 12, 1924. Serial Iva-749,367.

This invention relates to the art of manufacturing -'tools, and particularly hand tools such as chisels, screw drivers, and the like.

Such tools, construction, have a blade and a tapered shell providing a socket into which is driven a wooden handle. According to hitherto known practice, the metal portion of the tool is formed from round rod stock. The rod is heated, a circular upset is formed at one end, and from this the tapered socket is formed by working and upsetting the metal. This method is, however, objectionable because of its cost. It involves repeated heating and working steps and requires hand operations throughout. Moreover, the cost of material is excessive because the entire metal portion of the tool is made of the relatively expensive high grade steel required by the cutting or other working portion of.

the blade.

It is the principal object of the present invention to provide an improved method of producing tools of the type mentioned, that avoids the objections to the method above outlined, and such that tools of proper quality can be produced economically.

With this general object in view, the in-- vention consists in the method which will first be described in connection with the companymg d-rawmg and then more particularly pointed out.

In the drawing- Figure l is a plan view of a completed tool produced in accordance with the invention;

Figure 2 is a plan view for the blade portion; a

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2;

Figure 4: is a plan view of a rough blank for the socketed portion;

Figure 5 is a sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4;

Figure 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of an intermediate blank for the socketed portion;

Figure 7 is an end view of the same;

Figure 8 is a plan view of the unitary blank after welding;

Figure 9 is a similar view after removal of the flash; and,

Figure 10 is a plan view of the tool roughforged.

Referring to the drawing, the tool to be of a rough blank in one well known type of produced comprises a blade 11, at the inner end of which is a tapered shell 12 providing a socket 13 for receiving a wooden handle 14. In Fig. lithe tool shown is a carpenters chisel. It may, however, be a screwdriver, a wood-carving tool or .the like.

According to the method of the present invention a blade blank and a blank for the socket portion are formed separately and united into a unitary blank which is then finished as may be desired.

lVhile the blade blank may have various forms, it is conveniently formed by cutting from rod stock a suitable length to form a rod-like blank 15 (Fig. 2). It will .be understood that the length and size depends on the nature of the tool to 'be produced. The material also depends on "the require ments of the tool to be produced but .it will usually having a relatively high carbon content, such as is suitable for edged tools.

WVhile the socket portion may be formed in various ways, in carrying out the invention to what'is now considered the best advantage,there is formed what may be termed an intermediate blank having. a tapered shell providing a socket and a stem, this intermediate blank being formed as a screw-machine product. As here illustrated as an example, the socket portion is derived from a rough blank having the form of a cylindrical block '16 (Fig. 4). Thisniay be producedby cutting a length trom round stock or in any other suitable manner. The block is preferably of a length substantially equal to the length of the socket portion and stem to be produced and of a diameter at least as great as the greatest diameter of the de sired tapered shell. While the material of the block may vary, it is preferably of low grade steel, i. e., steel of relatively low carbon content.

From the block 16 there is formed an intermediate blank (Fig. 6) having a stem 17 of substantially the diameter of the blade blank 15 and a tapered shell 18 providing a tapered socket 19. This intermediate blank is conveniently formed by cutting and boring the block 16 to desired configuration in a suitable automatic screw machine. As such machining operations are well understood no further description is necessary. This operation cuts away the excess metal of the block to give the desired configuration be a high grade steel, that is, a steel and bores out thesocket. As will be understood by those skilled in the art,.the cutting and boring operations may be largely simul taneous.

As illustrated in Fig. 6, the intermediate blank is so formed that the socket terminates short of the junctionbetween the stem and the tapered portion of the intermediate blank. That is, the junction between the stem and the start of the taper is at a point where the cross section is solid metal. I

The blade blank and the intermediate blank are united into a unitary blank. This may be Conveniently accomplished by buttwelding the stem 17 and the blade blank together end to end. This welding operation produces a unitary blank (Fig. 8) ordinarily having a flash such as indicated at 20. This flash is removed by machining or other suitable process, leaving a smooth unitary blank such as shown in Fig. 9.

This blank is then finished, the succeeding steps depending on the type of tool being produced. Fora chisel, the blade portion is rough-forged somewhat as shown in Fig. 7 It is then edged and completed in the usual manner, these steps being well known. After completion of the metal part of the tool the wooden handle is driven into the socket in the usual manner.

By the method described the socket portion can be produced automatically in a screw machine and can be, formed of relatively inexpensive material. Consequently,

tools may be manufactured in a highly economical manner. I

WVith the blade blank welded to the stem, and with a gradual taper change from blade to shell the tool has the necessary strength at the point of greatest strain.

What I claim is:

1. The art of producing a hand tool having a blade and a socket for a handle, which comprises forming a blank for the blade portion, forming a socketed portion having a.

solid stem of substantially the same diameter as the blade blank, welding said blade blank and stem together end to end to form a unitary blank, and finishing said blank.

2. The art of producing a hand tool having a blade and a socket for a handle, which comprises forming a blank for the blade portion, forming a socketed portion having a solid stem of substantially the same diameter as the blade blank, welding said blade blank and stem together end to end to form a unitary blank, machining down the flash formed atthe welded joint, and forging the blade portion of the unitary blank to desired configuration. v

3. The art of producing a hand tool having a blade and a tapered socket for a handle, which comprises cutting a length of rod stock to form a blank for the bladeportion, forming a block having a diameter at least as large as the greatest diameter of the desired socket, cutting and boring said block to form an intermediate blank having a stem, of a diameter substantially that of the blade blank, and a tapered socket, welding said blade blank and stem together end to end to form a unitary blank, and forging the blade portion of saidunitary blank to desired configuration.

4. The. art of producing a hand tool having a blade and a socket for a handle, which comprises forming a rod-like'blank for the blade portion, forming a block-like blank for the socket portion, cutting the metal of the block away to form'a cylindrical stem and a tapered portion, boring out the tapered portion to form a socket extending to a point substantially short of the junction between the stem and the tapered portion, welding the stem and blade blank together end to end to form a unitary blank, and finishing said unitary blank.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

, HARRIS J. COOK. 

